Competency Goal 4: The learner will conduct investigations and use appropriate technologies to build an understanding of forces and motion in technological designs. |
Objectives
4.01 Determine the motion of an object by following and measuring its position over time.
4.02 Evaluate how pushing or pulling forces can change the position and motion of an object.
4.03 Explain how energy is needed to make machines move.
4.04 Determine that an unbalanced force is needed to move an object or change its direction.
4.05 Determine factors that affect motion including:
- Force.
- Friction.
- Inertia.
- Momentum.
4.06 Build and use a model to solve a mechanical design problem.
- Devise a test for the model.
- Evaluate the results of test.
4.07 Determine how people use simple machines to solve problems.
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Glossary
- Acceleration- A change in motion caused by change in velocity or unbalanced forces
- Force- a push or pull on an object caused by another object
- Friction- The force that opposes or acts to prevent motion as two surfaces rub against each other
- Gravity-The pulling force that draws an object towards the center of the Earth
- Inertia- The property of matter that keeps an object moving in a straight line or keeps it at rest
- Kinetic Energy- Energy currently in use or energy of motion
- Load- a mass or weight supported by something
- Momentum- The measure of how hard it is to stop or slow and object down
- Motion- the act or process of changing place or position
- Potential Energy- The energy an object has due to its location or condition
- Pulley- a wheel that has a grooved rim in which a belt, rope, or chain runs and is used to change the direction of a pulling force
- Speed- The measure of the distance an object moves in a given time
- Unbalanced Force- Force that is not equal
- Variable- able to change
- Velocity- An objects speed in a particular direction
Video
Forces
in Motion
How Do Astronauts Float Inside the Space Shuttle?
http://ksnn.larc.nasa.gov/rtf/videos/RTFfloatcap.mov
Acceleration
http://www.brainpop.com//science/motionsandforces/acceleration/
Newton’s Laws of Motion
http://www.brainpop.com/science/motionsandforces/newtonslawsofmotion/
Sir Isaac Newton
http://www.brainpop.com/science/motionsandforces/isaacnewton/
Force
http://www.brainpop.com/science/motionsandforces/force/
Gravity
http://www.brainpop.com/science/motionsandforces/force/
Inclined Plane
http://www.brainpop.com//technology/simplemachines/inclinedplane/
Pulleys
http://www.brainpop.com/technology/simplemachines/pulley/
Levers
http://www.brainpop.com/technology/simplemachines/lever/
Work
http://www.brainpop.com/science/motionsandforces/work/
Buoyancy
http://www.brainpop.com/science/motionsandforces/buoyancy/
Power
http://www.brainpop.com/science/motionsandforces/power/
Relativity
http://www.brainpop.com/science/motionsandforces/relativity/
Wheel and Axle
http://www.brainpop.com/technology/simplemachines/wheelandaxle/
Potential Energy
http://www.brainpop.com//science/energy/potentialenergy/
Kinetic energy
http://www.brainpop.com/science/energy/kineticenergy/
Temperature
http://www.brainpop.com/science/energy/temperature/
Nuclear Energy
http://www.brainpop.com//science/energy/nuclearenergy/
Activities
Lab
Form - Blank *note: specific form right of activity
Speed (4.01) - Lab Form
Motion (4.01, 4.02, 4.04) - Lab Form
Wheels (4.03) - Lab Form
Inertia (4.05) - Lab Form
Momentum (4.05) - Lab Form
Variables (4.05) - Lab Form
Creating a Scale Model (4.06) - Lab Form
Pulley Power (4.07) - Lab Form
Newton’s First Law
http://www.imsa.edu/programs/kidsinstitute/wheels/fi2.php
Coin Tower
http://www.imsa.edu/programs/kidsinstitute/wheels/fi2a.php
Inertia Log
http://www.imsa.edu/programs/kidsinstitute/wheels/fi2b.php
Slapstick Science -- The Notion of Motion Workshop.
These activities can also be used a single class activities.
http://www.slapstickscience.com/programs/motion_workshop.php
Simple Machines – the machine as a lever
http://edheads.org/activities/lesson_plans/pdf/sm_03.pdf
Brown Paper Bag Simple Machines
http://edheads.org/activities/lesson_plans/pdf/sm_02.pdf
Wacky Inventions Using Simple Machines
http://edheads.org/activities/lesson_plans/pdf/sm_01.pdf
Attach of the Straws (Inertia and momentum)
http://www.ed.gov/pubs/parents/Science/straws.html
Make a Turbine
http://www.energyquest.ca.gov/projects/turbine.html
Pendulum – what makes it swing?
http://pbskids.org/zoom/games/pendulum/what_makes_swing.html
Stranger Than Friction
http://www.kcplkids.com/sl_friction.html
Literature Connections
Wheels and Cranks by Angela Royston
How wheels and cranks are used in complex machines. 4.03
Learning about Simple Machines with Graphic Organizers by Jonathan Kravetz
Short studies about how simple machines (screwdriver, lever, wheel and axle, pulley,
gear, inclined plane, wedges) work. 4.07
Pulleys and Gears by Angela Royston
An illustrated overview of simple machines.
Describes drive belts, bevel gears, bicycles clocks and watches. 4.07
Mrs. Frisby and the Rats of NIMH by Robert C. O'Brien
Mrs. Frisby enlists the help of rats whose former imprisonment in a lab made them wise
and civilized to move their house from the path of the farmer's plow.
The rats use simple machines to move the house. 4.07
Technology Connections
EdHeads:
The Odd Machine
EdHeads:
Simple Machines
Simple Machines (2 activities: at home and in the tool shed)
http://edheads.org/activities/simple-machines/frame_loader.htm
Simple Machines Glossary Page
http://edheads.org/activities/simple-machines/glossary.htm
Simple Machines – Investigate the Facts
http://teacher.scholastic.com/dirtrep/simple/invest.htm
Compound Machines (interactive game)
http://edheads.org/activities/odd_machine/frame_loader.htm
Compound Machines Glossary Page
http://edheads.org/activities/odd_machine/glossary.htm
All About Forces. Park World Theme Park (interactive game)
http://www.engineeringinteract.org/resources/parkworldplot.htm
Design a Roller Coaster
http://www.learner.org/interactives/parkphysics/coaster/
What Exciting New Inventions are Around the Corner? See How Engineers Use the Science of Forces
http://www.engineeringinteract.org/resources/discovermore/forcesandmotion.htm
Pendulum Factiods
http://pbskids.org/zoom/games/pendulum/factoids.html
Make the Pendulum Swing (interactive game)
http://pbskids.org/zoom/games/pendulum/factoids.html
Goldberger to Go!
http://pbskids.org/zoom/games/goldburgertogo/game.html
3-Puck Chuck
http://pbskids.org/zoom/games/3puckchuck/3puckgame.html
Wright Flight
http://pbskids.org/wayback/flight/feature_wright.html
The Wright Brothers Game
http://www.ueet.nasa.gov/StudentSite/games/wb2k3/wb2k3.html
Space Shuttle Fun Facts
http://www.nasa.gov/audience/forkids/home/F_Space_Shuttle_Fun_Facts.html
Steps to Countdown
http://www.nasa.gov/audience/forkids/artsstories/AS_Steps_to_Countdown.html
The Best Dressed Astronauts (why kind of clothes do astronauts need to take with them)
http://www.nasa.gov/audience/forkids/home/F_Best_Dressed_Astronaut.html
How Do Things Fly?
http://www.boeing.com/companyoffices/aboutus/wonder_of_flight/how_things.html
Friction Game
http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/ks2bitesize/science/activities/friction.shtml
Friction (interactive quiz)
http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/ks2bitesize/science/tests/friction.shtml
Forces in Action
http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/ks2bitesize/science/activities/forces_action.shtml
Forces in Action (interactive quiz)
http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/ks2bitesize/science/tests/forces_action.shtml
People to Know
http://pbskids.org/wayback/flight/peopletoknow.html
Plants and Animals in the Local Environment (interactive quiz)
http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/ks2bitesize/science/tests/plants_animals.shtml
Inventors Toolbox – the Elements of Machines
http://www.mos.org/sln/Leonardo/InventorsToolbox.html
Strange Vehicles
http://www.diseno-art.com/encyclopedia/strange_vehicles/strange_vehicles.html
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