Objectives
4.01 Understand that both naturally occurring and synthetic substances are chemicals.
4.02 Evaluate evidence that elements combine in a multitude of ways to produce compounds that account for all living and nonliving substances.
4.03 Explain how the periodic table is a model for:
- Classifying elements.
- Identifying the properties of elements.
4.04 Describe the suitability of materials for use in technological design:
- Electrical Conductivity.
- Density.
- Magnetism.
- Solubility.
- Malleability.
4.05 Identify substances based on characteristic physical properties:
- Density.
- Boiling / Melting points.
- Solubility.
- Chemical reactivity.
- Specific heat.
4.06 Describe and measure quantities related to chemical / physical changes within a system:
- Temperature.
- Volume.
- Mass.
- Precipitate.
- Gas production.
4.07 Identify evidence supporting the law of conservation of matter.
- During an ordinary chemical reaction matter cannot be created or destroyed.
- In a chemical reaction, the total mass of the reactants equals the total mass of the products.
4.08 Identify evidence that some chemicals may contribute to human health conditions including:
- Cancer.
- Autoimmune disease.
- Birth defects.
- Heart disease.
- Diabetes.
- Learning and behavioral disorders.
- Kidney disease.
- Asthma.
4.09 Describe factors that determine the effects a chemical has on a living organism including:
- Exposure.
- Potency.
- Dose and the resultant concentration of chemical in the organism.
- Individual susceptability.
- Possible means to eliminate or reduce effects.
4.10 Describe risks and benefits of chemicals including:
- Medicines.
- Food preservatives.
- Crop yield.
- Sanitation.
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